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[(Asian)-423.2(medicine)-418.8(provi)-8.6(des)-415(an)-413(excell)-9.8(ent)-416.6(opportuni)-8.7(ty)-414(to)-414(rec-)]TJ
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[(onci)-7.6(le)-398.7(the)-399.5(body)-401.4(and)-402.4(mind)-402(in)-396.9(Wester)-10.9(n)-399.1(medicine.)-407.8(A)-397.3(half)-402.2(a)]TJ
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[(decad)-9.2(e)-292.8(ago,)-289(sign)-7(icant)-291.7(ste)-8(ps)-287.2(were)-297.1(taken)-294.7(to)-288.8(develop)-296.2(what)-296.1(is)]TJ
T*
[(cal)-8.6(led)-422.2(a)]TJ
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3.6989 0 TD
[(mi)-8.2(ddleout)]TJ
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4.9394 0 TD
[(appro)-7.6(ach)-427(toward)-424.8(integr)-8.2(ation)-420.8(of)-424.6(mea-)]TJ
-8.6383 -1.2007 TD
[(sure)-8(ments)-303.3(of)-305.1(these)-307.2(diverse)-305.1(leve)-9.4(ls)-301.4(of)-299.4(system)-305.3(o)-6.5(rganization)-12.6(.)]TJ
7.4718 0 0 6.641 291.1747 324.3968 Tm
(4)Tj
9.9626 0 0 9.9626 69.7323 308.0125 Tm
[(In)-219.7(this)-226(chapter)-9.7(,)-216.6(various)-229.3(cultures)-223.2(of)-225.4(medicine)-225.4(are)-224.1(describ)-9.2(ed)]TJ
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[(bri)-7(ey,)-635.3(within)-637.1(a)-634.2(syst)-8.2(ems)-634.8(med)-7.6(icine)-638.9(context)-8.7(.)-632(Then,)-636.7(ap-)]TJ
T*
[(proac)-9.4(hes)-318.2(to)-323(scientic)-322.5(eval)-9.4(uation)-319.2(and)-322.7(integr)-8.2(ation)-318.4(of)-322.2(various)]TJ
T*
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[(exam)-10.2(ples)-304.7(from)-300.7(rece)-10.4(nt)-300.2(scient)-9.2(ic)-302(literature)-10.9(.)]TJ
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10.959 0 0 10.959 81.7511 224.4472 Tm
[(WESTERN)-326.9(AND)-334.3(EASTERN)-329.6(SCIENCES)]TJ
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9.9626 0 0 9.9626 69.7323 200.5228 Tm
[(When)-491.1(we)-485.2(use)-489(the)-490.5(word)]TJ
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10.6129 0 TD
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2.9648 0 TD
[(,)-484.1(there)-490.1(is)-489.2(no)-485.2(need)-484.6(for)]TJ
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[(expl)-7.6(anation)-8.7(.)-302(Every)-309(reader,)-310.2(anywher)-9.1(e)-304.2(i)0(n)-300.2(the)-308.4(world,)-308.8(will)-305.5(im-)]TJ
T*
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T*
[(ogy)-400.6(used)-404.4(in)-396.9(the)-399.5(last)-398.5(400)-400.6(years)-403.2(and)-396.7(based)-406.9(on)-394.2(the)-399.5(idea)-9.4(s)-394.6(o)0(f)]TJ
T*
[(Newt)-9.8(on)-496.6(and)-499.2(Des)-9.2(cartes,)-505.6(to)-493.7(try)-502.1(to)-499.4(understa)-9.9(nd)-496.6(our)-499.3(reality.)]TJ
T*
[(Medi)-9.6(cine)-419.1(is)-415.2(part)-413.6(of)-413.2(thi)-7.8(s)-411.7(scient)-9.2(ic)-415.8(thinkin)-7.9(g.)-410.9(What)-419.9(science)]TJ
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[(mak)-7.6(es)-243.5(sci)-8(ence)-247.4(are)-246.8(the)-245.8(rul)-7(es)-243.5(that)-249.4(scientic)-254.2(philosop)-7.1(hers)-247(such)]TJ
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[(as)-419.9(Ku)]TJ
2.06 .0057 TD
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[(hne)-419.5(and)-419.5(Popper)-423(have)-416.3(dened.)-423.2(How)-10.2(ever,)-418.7(wha)-8(t)-413.2(gave)]TJ
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T*
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T*
[(which)-308.2(is)-301.4(rooted)-307(in)-300.2(our)-305.9(Wester)-10.9(n)-296.7(civil)-8.2(ization?)]TJ
26.205 64.7926 TD
[(If)-267.2(we)-269(were)-268.6(to)-266.1(concl)-10.2(ude)-265.8(that)-272.1(there)-268.2(is)-267.2(o)-6.5(nly)-266.8(one)-265.8(sci)-8(ence,)-270.5(the)]TJ
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[(subsequent)-244(conclusion)-239.8(would)-238.1(also,)-236.8(neces)-10.4(sarily,)-237.4(be)-236.6(that)-232.3(there)]TJ
T*
[(is)-290(on)-7.2(ly)-288.8(one)-300(civilization)-304.2(in)-288.8(thi)-7.8(s)-292.2(world.)-297.4(If)-290(we)-297.5(were)-297.1(to)-294.5(assume)]TJ
T*
[(that)-232.3(this)-237.4(was)-236.8(not)-232.7(the)-234.5(case,)-237.6(we)-234.9(coul)-7.6(d)-228.4(d)0(o)-234.8(the)-234.5(previous)-241.4(thinking)]TJ
T*
[(exercise)-372(in)-368.5(reve)-8.6(rse.)-366.1(Let)-370.8(us)-366.9(take)-367.9(a)-366.7(rando)-7.6(m)-362.8(civil)-8.2(ization:)-373.5(the)]TJ
T*
[(Chinese)-421.6(civilization.)-424.1(Do)-415.2(they)-411.6(have)-422(cultural)-418.3(philosop)-7.1(hers?)]TJ
T*
[(Lao)-271.3(Zi,)-277.6(Kong)-274.4(Zi,)-271.9(Mo)-270.9(Zi.)]TJ
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9.9698 0 TD
(.)Tj
/F1 1 Tf
1.0015 0 TD
[(So)-273.9(they)-275.1(have.)-274.5(Do)-272.9(they)-275.1(also)-276.2(have)]TJ
-10.9714 -1.195 TD
[(scientic)-419.3(philosop)-7.1(hers)-8(?)-412.3(Yang)-412.8(Hui)-9(,)-410.1(L)0(i)-413.8(Shizhen,)-421(Fung)-412(Yu-)]TJ
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/F6 1 Tf
1.4795 0 TD
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/F1 1 Tf
1.0015 0 TD
[(Given)-319.6(that)-317.6(they)-314.9(do)-314.5(have)-319.6(scient)-9.2(ic)-313.3(philosop)-7.1(hers)-8(,)-313.4(who)]TJ
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[(formulat)-9.5(ed)-361.8(ideas)-369.8(about)-366.9(how)-364.7(to)-368.5(approach)-371.9(and)-362.6(examin)-8.7(e)-361.1(o)-6.5(ur)]TJ
T*
[(reality?)-300.6(In)-288(addi)-7.6(tion,)-293.5(would)-295(it)-291.6(not)-289.6(be)-293.5(logical)-296(that)-294.9(these)-295.9(ideas)]TJ
T*
[(were)-382.4(totally)-382.4(different)-380.4(from)-380.4(Wester)-10.9(n)-376.3(ones)-381.6(because)-383.6(of)-379.1(their)]TJ
T*
[(different)-278(cultural)-276(bases?)-274.1(So,)-268.6(the)-268.6(Chines)-9.3(e)-270(approach)-275.2(to)-266.1(heal)-9.4(th)]TJ
T*
[(and)-351.2(healing)-355.9(would)-351.9(also)-350.2(be)-350.4(differ)-9.4(ent)-348.3(from)-352(our)-351.4(Wester)-10.9(n)-347.9(ap-)]TJ
T*
[(proach.)-369(To)-365.5(under)-7.6(stand)-368.1(the)-365.3(methodo)-7.7(logy)-370(of)-362(Chines)-9.3(e)-366.8(medi-)]TJ
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[(cine,)-334.1(we)-331.6(have)-331(to)-328.7(nd)-331.6(a)-326.9(way)-332.4(to)-328.7(bri)-7(dge)-328.4(the)-331.2(gap)-334.1(between)-336.1(the)]TJ
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[(two)-304.9(paradigms)]TJ
7.4718 0 0 6.641 370.4881 539.603 Tm
(4)Tj
9.9626 0 0 9.9626 377.2345 535.181 Tm
[(\(Fig.)-303.3(2\).)]TJ
-5.6621 -1.2007 TD
[(Chinese)-228.1(medicine)-231.1(is)-221.7(no)-7.2(t)-219.8(object-o)-11.5(riented)-227(but)-221.3(is)-227.4(much)-224.6(more)]TJ
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[(interest)-9.7(ed)-299.2(in)-305.9(the)-302.7(relations)-10.5(hips)-302.9(betwee)-10.9(n)-302.4(objects.)-306.2(In)-305.1(addition,)]TJ
T*
[(Chinese)-256.6(medicine)-253.8(is)-250.2(much)-253.1(more)-249.3(focus)-8.8(ed)-248(on)-246.2(the)-251.5(quality)-254.4(then)]TJ
T*
[(on)-360(the)-365.3(quantity)-369(of)-362(measur)-9.1(ements.)-368.8(What)-363(Chines)-9.3(e)-361.1(medicine)]TJ
T*
[(does)-358.8(is)-358.3(map)-360.4(patterns)-365.5(of)-356.3(relations)-10.5(hips,)-360.2(relations)-10.5(hips)-359.8(among)]TJ
T*
[(symptoms,)-308.9(puls)-7(e)-304.2(characterist)-14.4(ics,)-304.3(tongu)-6.6(e)-304.2(features,)-310(and)-305.7(othe)-7.6(r)]TJ
0 -1.195 TD
[(factors.)-614.7(These)-617.3(are)-611(the)-610(exact)-615.1(charact)-11.5(eristics)-614.1(of)-612.4(systems)]TJ
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[(thinking)-8.7(a)-237.4(new)-241.3(scient)-9.2(ic)-239.4(way)-241.3(of)-236.8(thi)-7.8(nking)-239.9(developed)-248.3(in)-237.6(the)]TJ
T*
[(West)-398.3(after)-395.4(World)-398.1(War)-395.6(II,)-392.8(charact)-11.5(erized)-395.9(by)-394.2(mapping)-400.4(rela-)]TJ
T*
[(tionships.)-439(Cou)-7(ld)-436.8(this)-436.6(system)-9.3(s)-434.4(thinking)-441.2(be)-435.8(the)-433.6(bri)-7(dge,)-436.9(the)]TJ
T*
[(meta-la)-10.3(nguage)-8.1(,)-381.7(betwee)-10.9(n)-382(Wester)-10.9(n)-382(med)-7.6(icine)-388.5(and)-385.3(othe)-7.6(r)-384(sys-)]TJ
T*
[(temati)-8.6(c)-298.5(med)-7.6(ical)-302.4(system)-9.3(s?)]TJ
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10.959 0 0 10.959 338.2865 355.918 Tm
[(AYURVEDA:)-327.7(A)-337.3(SYSTEMS)-328.8(SCIENCE)]TJ
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9.9626 0 0 9.9626 320.8251 331.9936 Tm
[(Ayurveda)-9.9(,)-210.9(one)-214.6(of)-214.1(the)-217.4(oldest)-217.9(medical)-218.9(system)-9.3(s)-212.5(i)0(n)-214.8(the)-211.7(wor)-8.2(ld,)]TJ
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[(can)-489.6(bri)-7(ng)-490.9(new)-491.7(keys)-495.4(to)-488(under)-7.6(standin)-8.1(g)-484.5(the)-496.2(comple)-8.7(xity)-492.3(of)]TJ
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(health.)Tj
/F3 1 Tf
3.1583 0 TD
(Ayur)Tj
/F1 1 Tf
2.3957 0 TD
(means)Tj
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3.0103 0 TD
(life)Tj
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1.7356 0 TD
[(in)-448.2(Sanskr)-8.7(it.)]TJ
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5.2125 0 TD
(Veda)Tj
/F1 1 Tf
2.5095 0 TD
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/F3 1 Tf
3.0103 0 TD
[(sci)-8(ence)]TJ
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-21.0323 -1.2007 TD
(or)Tj
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1.2007 0 TD
[(know)-9.6(ledge)]TJ
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4.3021 0 TD
[(.)-370.3(Ayurveda)-379.8(developed)]TJ
/F7 1 Tf
9.4463 0 TD
(*)Tj
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1.3657 0 TD
[(3)-6.5(000)-366.5(year)-8.6(s)]TJ
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4.8654 0 TD
(bc)Tj
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1.3657 0 TD
(and)Tj
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[(was)-498.6(organize)-10.5(d)-490.2(into)-498(eight)-494.8(d)-6.5(ifferent)-499.1(branc)-9.4(hes:)-492.5(\(1\))-495.6(gener)-9.4(al)]TJ
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[(medicine;)-462.2(\(2\))-455.8(pedi)-7.6(atrics)-460.7(\(including)-463.5(Cesarean)-465(sections)-461.4(for)]TJ
T*
[(mothers\);)-654.5(\(3\))-643.6(psychi)-10.3(atric)-646.5(treat)-9.2(ment;)-646.3(\(4\))-649.3(ophth)-6.6(almology)]TJ
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T*
[(rejuvena)-10.5(tion)-424(treatme)-10.3(nt)-419.7(\(geria)-9.2(trics\);)-424.6(and)-425.2(\(8\))-421.6(and)-425.2(sexology.)]TJ
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[(Ayurveda)-357(is)-346.9(based)-350(on)-348.7(the)-348.3(bo)-7.2(dy)-343(type)-354.7(of)-344.9(the)-348.3(indi)-8.6(vidual)-347.6(that)]TJ
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[(has)-261.3(to)-260.4(be)-265.1(taken)-266.2(into)-259(accou)-9.2(nt,)-260.7(as)-266.3(well)-264.7(as)-260.6(the)-262.9(envi)-7.6(ronment)-265.8(the)]TJ
T*
[(person)-402.2(lives)-405(in,)-397.3(to)-396.9(dete)-9.4(rmine)-400.8(a)-400.9(specic)-406.5(treatme)-10.3(nt)-396.9(for)-398.9(that)]TJ
T*
[(individu)-8.7(al)-302(patient.)]TJ
1.0015 -1.2007 TD
[(According)-326.4(to)-317.3(Ayurv)-9.7(edic)-322.4(knowled)-8.1(ge,)-316.7(the)-319.8(huma)-8.4(n)-319.4(being)-321.4(is)]TJ
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[(the)-308.4(mi)-7.8(crocosmos,)-320.3(which)-313.9(is)-312.8(completely)-320.7(interconnec)-11.7(ted)-314.1(with)]TJ
T*
[(his)-478.6(or)-481.5(her)-478.4(envi)-7.6(ronment)-9.7(,)-478.4(the)-479.2(macroc)-9.7(osmos.)-482.4(Hea)-9.8(lthy)-480.9(rela-)]TJ
T*
[(tionships)-524(amo)-7.6(ng)-519.4(every)-521.5(living)-525(system)-527.2(are)-520(pri)-7(mordial)-524.6(for)]TJ
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[(global)-319.2(health,)-315.6(becau)-9.2(se)-311.8(ever)-8.6(ything)-317.4(is)-312.8(made)-317.4(of)-310.8(the)-314.1(v)-6.4(e)-309.8(basic)]TJ
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[(elements)-10.3(:)-441.7(Space;)-444.4(Ai)-8.2(r;)-438.7(Fire;)-444.8(Wat)-9.4(er;)-441.3(and)-442.3(Eart)-9.4(h.)-439.3(In)-441.7(toda)-7.6(ys)]TJ
T*
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T*
[(and)-345.5(oxygen)-342.1(atoms)-348.8(that)-346.1(are)-343.6(omnipr)-7.1(esent)-347.1(in)-340(living)-348.6(and)-339.8(n)-6.5(on-)]TJ
T*
[(living)-303.1(forms.)]TJ
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-25.2034 67.0916 TD
[(EAS)-10.1(T)-329.8(M)0(E)-8.8(ETS)-335.3(WE)-7(ST)]TJ
47.6982 0 TD
(385)Tj
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